“New arrivals continue to tell us they left their homes because of air strikes and fighting, as well as fears over the application of Sharia law; they also speak of increasing shortages of food and fuel, with traditional markets unable to operate,” a spokesperson for the Office of the UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), Adrian Edwards, told a news briefing in Geneva.

“A lack of cereal is pushing breeders to either kill some of their animals as they have nothing else to eat, or to try to sell them. Some refugees are travelling by private car or by truck, while others have arrived from Mali on foot or by donkey,” he added. “Many newly arrived refugees are expecting additional members of their families to join them in the next days from Mali.”

Fighting between Malian Government forces and Tuareg rebels broke out in northern Mali last January, following which radical Islamists seized control of the area. The renewed clashes in the country’s north, as well as the proliferation of armed groups in the region, drought and political instability in the wake of a military coup d’état in March have uprooted hundreds of thousands of civilians over the course of the past year.

Including those displaced this month, some 147,000 Malians have found refuge in neighbouring countries since the crisis in Mali started in January last year, according to UNHCR. Inside the country, 229,000 people have been displaced – mainly from Kidal, Timbuktu, and Gao.

Over the past weekend, a United Nations team arrived in the capital, Bamako, to support the national authorities in their quest to restore Mali’s constitutional order and territorial integrity.

In his remarks to journalists, Edwards said that the immediate needs for the internally displaced, as well as for refugees, are water, food, shelter and medical care.

“Living conditions are particularly precarious for the internally displaced who are in dire need of food, but also need help with education, health, lodging as well as schooling for young children,” the spokesperson said. “UNHCR and our partners are working to address the situation through income-generating activities in Bamako – currently, humanitarian access to other areas of Mali is severely restricted by the security situation.”

More than 4,200 Malian refugees have arrived in Mauritania since 11 January. After being registered, they are being transported further inland to the Mbera refugee camp, which is already hosting 55,221 people from earlier displacements.

In Niger, there are now 1,300 new refugees, Edwards said, adding that during the same period, Burkina Faso received 1,829 new refugees – mainly ethnic Tuaregs and Songhai from the regions of Gossi, Timbuktu, Gao and Bambara Maoude.

The UN refugee agency is providing assistance to refugees in camps in Burkina Faso, Niger and Mauritania by providing clean water, sanitation and hygiene structures, food, adequate shelter, healthcare and education.

Edwards said that between October last year and today, UNHCR has relocated 4,737 refugees from the border of Burkina Faso, and that, in total, the African country is hosting 38,776 Malian refugees.

Fighting between Government forces and Tuareg rebels broke out in the country’s north last January, following which radical Islamists seized control of the area. The renewed clashes in the north, as well as the proliferation of armed groups in the region, drought and political instability in the wake of a military coup d’état in March have uprooted hundreds of thousands of civilians over the course of 2012.

“Since the beginning of the armed conflict in January 2012, the people of Northern Mali have been living in profound turmoil,” said the ICC Prosecutor, Fatou Bensouda.

“At each stage during the conflict, different armed groups have caused havoc and human suffering through a range of alleged acts of extreme violence. I have determined that some of these deeds of brutality and destruction may constitute war crimes as defined by the Rome Statute,” she stated, referring to the treaty that set up the Court.

Ms. Bensouda said that there is “a reasonable basis” to believe that the following crimes were committed: murder; mutilation, cruel treatment and torture; intentionally directing attacks against protected objects; the passing of sentences and the carrying out of executions without previous judgement pronounced by a regularly constituted court; pillaging; and rape.

“My Office will ensure a thorough and impartial investigation and will bring justice to Malian victims by investigating who are the most responsible for these alleged crimes,” she stated in a news release issued by the Court.

Located in The Hague, in the Netherlands, the ICC is an independent, permanent court that tries persons accused of the most serious crimes of international concern – namely genocide, crimes against humanity and war crimes.